Health Divided and Hierarchical Regionalism

Regionalism and Growth

Small Countries and Regionalism

The number of regional trade agreements has nearly doubled in the last four years. Interestingly, relatively small countries have put enormous effort into joining regional agreements with larger countries during this period. In this paper, we address the following question: why are small countries so eager to be a part of these agreements? We construct a general equilibrium model of a natural t...

Computational Divided Differencing and Divided-Difference Arithmetics

Tools for computational differentiation transform a program that computes a numerical function F(x) into a related program that computes F ′(x) (the derivative of F). This paper describes how techniques similar to those used in computational-differentiation tools can be used to implement other program transformations—in particular, a variety of transformations for computational divided differen...

Europe’s Continental Regionalism

This paper reviews the multiple forms of European continental regionalism, which takes the overall shape of a complex set of concentric circles, with a substructure of a core group within the EU based on the euro and Schengen areas, and several rings of neighbours outside, including the European Economic Area, the regions of the EU’s neighbourhood policy and finally some pan-European organisati...

Multilateralism versus Regionalism!?

The well-known question whether regional trade agreements (RTAs) and the multilateral trading system (MTS) are “strangers, friends, or foes” (Bhagwati and Panagariya, 1996) has gained new importance with the widespread proliferation of RTAs in recent years. Based on an extensive data set which covers most of world trade over the past 60 years and about 240 regional trade agreements, we analyze ...